The Religion Of African Slaves - 1643 Words

African slaves were brought to America from many tribes and they brought with them a variety of beliefs and practices. In some ways, the religion that many West Africans practiced bears a striking resemble to the practices of Christianity and Judaism. There are however several differences that make it clear that it is its own separate faith. On the plantations in America slaves were taught a â€Å"modify† version of Christianity so that they would obey their masters, and often times slaves would hold their own services. Other slaves believed in and practice what was called â€Å"conjuration† along with Christianity. The majority of African slaves came from a region that was called West Central Africa. The people from West Central Africa practiced a religion similar to Christianity, and believed in a single all powerful being that created the world, â€Å"As to religion, the natives believe that there is one Creator of all things, and that he lives in the sun, and is girded round with a belt, that he may never eat or drink; but according to some, he smokes a pipe, which is our own favorite luxury† (Equiano, 1789). In both religions, there is an omnipotent being that requires no substance and lives above the Earth. In addition, in both religions the Creator controls the events that occur throughout a person life. In addition, they often offered food to the spirits of their loved ones who were said to watch over them and protect them from their enemies. Family would also place sacrifices toShow MoreRelatedEssay on African Slave Religion1742 Words   |  7 PagesEnslaved Africans and their Religious Spiritual Practices. During a most dark and dismal time in our nations history, we find that the Africans who endured horrible circumstances during slavery, found ways of peace and hope in their religious beliefs. During slavery, Africans where able to survive unbearable conditions by focusing on their spirituality. Christianity was amongst the slave community. Being that the vast majority of the slave community was born in America, converting slaves to ChristianityRead MoreAfrican American Culture in 1860 Essay769 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿AP United States History African American Culture from the Early to Mid-1800’s Throughout American history, African Americans fought to establish their own culture. Even though they were silenced by white laws and stereotypes, African Americans created their own distinct culture, to a certain extent from 1800 to 1860. By mixing their African American traditions and Christian ideas, they formed a religion, their own version of Christianity. African American rebellions, though small and infrequentRead MoreAfrican American Culture in the Americas741 Words   |  3 Pages African Americans brought over a distinctive culture into America from Africa. The Africans can create many different sounds that we never knew about. They revived the way we held church and worship, and brought joy to many citizens. African Americans enslaved by the South created a truly magnificent culture in slavery using new music, oral traditions, and religious ideas. Many African countries are known for their spectacular music, and during the time of slavery many African American slavesRead MoreSlave Culture810 Words   |  4 Pagesexhibited. Up until 1865 slaves were imported in shiploads and treated as if they were merely cattle. On the farms slaves were given no mercy and had to work long, arduous days for nothing. Additionally they were often subject to cruel overseers who would beat and whip them on a regular basis. As brutal and destructive as the institution of slavery was, slaves were not defenseless victims. Through their families, and religion, as well as more direct forms of resistance, Africans-Americans resisted theRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1328 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican colonization. Colonization caused the aggregated need for mass amounts of workers for cultivation infrastructure. For this reason, American settlers began the transatlantic slave trade trade. Christianity played an important role in advocating for the morality of the slave trade (Richard). In order to drive the slave industry, pastors across America used the traditions and stories found in the Bible to endorse and even encourage the practice of slavery. At this time, America was seeing everRead More Religious and Spiritual Practices of Enslaved African Americans1737 Words   |  7 PagesEnslaved Africans and their Religious Spiritual Practices. During a most dark and dismal time in our nations history, we find that the Africans who endured horrible circumstances during slavery, found ways of peace and hope in their religious beliefs. During slavery, Africans where able to survive unbearable conditions by focusing on their spirituality. Christianity was amongst the slave community. Being that the vast majority of the slave community was born in America, converting slaves to ChristianityRead MoreAlthough some Muslims were forced to convert into Christianity, some were intelligent enough to700 Words   |  3 PagesAfrica (Berg 11). In several regions, the African Muslims were recognized due to their boldness in resisting conversion to Christianity. Instead, they coerced other black communities to convert to Islam. They were bold enough to protect the interest of their religion. According to Turner, the famous African Muslim slaves in Jamaica in the 1800s coerced other African Muslims in their communities to adhere to the Islamic religion (24). Islam as a religion encouraged fasting, helping one another, andRead MoreSocial, Cultural, And Cultural Groups1148 Words   |  5 Pagesof beliefs that the African American culture has embraced. The events that have made a colossal impact on certain aspects of my culture are the progression of the Africans’ practices and the freedom of the slaves. These events allowed blacks to freely participate in different aspects of life. One freedom that has greatly impacted me today is religion. At the start of the transatlantic slave trade, Africans had a variety of religions that they practiced. A lot of the religions were worshiped in theRead MoreEssay on The Development of Afro-Brazilian Religions1664 Words   |  7 PagesAfro Brazilian religions is traced back to the Atlantic slave trade that took place in the 16th century . Portuguese people captured individuals from Bantu tribes and the other West African communities. The slave trade involved the transfer of these people to Brazil, where they were sold as slaves. The interaction of slaves from different cultural and religious backgrounds led to the development of the Afro Brazilian religions that consequently spread all over Brazil. The religions did not; howeverRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Let s Make A Slave 1299 Words   |  6 PagesThe article titled, â€Å"Let’s Make A Slave,† was depressing because it almost forced one to go back in time and feel the plight of Africans Americans before slave ry was outlawed. William Lynch traveled a great ways to inform the people of the Virginia Colony about slavery and how it should truly be done. As I was reading, it seemed as though William Lynch was reading the instructions for a product (and not a human being) but he actually was talking about people (African Americans). The speech that he

Essay on Dramaturgical Analysis - 1185 Words

â€Å"All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players.† William Shakespeare may have written these words in As You Like It in 1600, but Erving Goffman truly defined the phrase with his dramaturgical theory. Dramaturgical analysis is the study of social interaction in terms of theatrical performance. Unlike actors though, who use a script telling them how to behave in every scene, real life human interactions change depending upon the social situation they are in. We may have an idea of how we want to be perceived, and may have the foundation to make that happen. But we cannot be sure of every interaction we will have throughout the day, having to ebb and flow with the conversations and situations as they happen. Adopted†¦show more content†¦It would appear that many rehearse their performance, allowing themselves to correct any flaws in their performance before giving it. The theory of dramaturgy is considered a micro theory, under the category of â€Å"interpretive†, which also includes interactionism, ethomethodology, and phenomolohy. In The Presentation of Everyday Life, Goffman lays out the seven elements that create a performance: belief in the role that is being played, the front or ‘mask’, dramatic realization, idealization, maintenance of expressive control, misrepresentation, and deception/mystification. Using the simple description of someone interviewing for a job, we can see that â€Å"As he seeks to assume the role of an ideal employee (idealization), he tries (in his performance) to convey a certain image about himself through his dress, his speech, and his expressions (his front), emphasizing those things that he wants the interviewers to know (dramatic realization). He has to maintain control over these expressions throughout the interview (maintenance of expressive control). Any lapse in his performance in that role (misrepresentation) may lead to him revealing those things that he has been trying to conceal (mystification).† (Corbin, 2012) In his book Frame Analysis, Goffman continued his discussion on dramaturgical analysis. He wrote, What is important is the sense he provides them through his dealing with them of what sortShow MoreRelatedDramaturgical Analysis770 Words   |  4 Pages Using an approach, like dramaturgy, helped me to analyze social interaction in a more interesting and complex way. If I had been just simply observing the receptionist I would have never payed attention to her backstage behavior. By using a dramaturgical approach I noticed how her personality would change depending on if the boss was in the room or not. This approach provides us with a deeper understanding on how humans think and act. In life most of us only show our good side to people especiallyRead MoreFacebook And Social Networking Sites Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pagestransmits information through a medium that uses routers and servers via high-speed internet and involves materials been received via desktops, computers, tablets and smartphones†. In this paper, I will like to convey how the dramaturgical model of social interaction on the use of Facebook reveal how humans communicate their identities using front stage, back stage and impression management to have a perceived view about the world as well as how it reflects Facebook users everydayRead MoreSocial Networking Sites For New Media Essay1615 Words   |  7 Pagescommunication which transmits information through a medium that uses routers and servers via high-speed internet and involves materials been received via desktops, computers, tablets and smartphones†. In this paper, I will like to convey how the dramaturgical model of communication on the use of Facebook reveal how humans communicate their identities using both front stage, back stage and impression management to have a perceived view about the world as well as how it reflects people everyday livesRead MoreDramaturgy Is A Concept Developed By Erving Goffman Who998 Words   |  4 Pagesin order to understand social interactions in everyday life; also known as dramaturgical theory. This metaphor demonstrates dramaturgy as a real life play in which people are the actors/actresses. There are three logics to this concept: the indivudial shows us what they want us to know, impression management and particular features of face-to-face encounters bring order to interactions (Allan, 62). The dramaturgic analysis of Goffman presents the idea that social interaction can be viewed as a chainRead MoreThe Presentation Of The Self By Irving Goffman1167 Words   |  5 Pagesof players working together to up hold various social realities and functional institutions such as work, school, home, medical, legal or leisure. The two key components of this theory are ‘front and back’ and ‘impression management’, which enable analysis of how identity is presented and understood through symbols, and the differing ways people behave when they are in and out of role: enabling preparation and reflection on societal expectations and the ability to switch between roles. ‘Front region/backRead MoreSocialization Is The Process By Which Someone Is Becomes Human1033 Words   |  5 Pagesadequately participate in society. People become â€Å"human†, there are no in-bred or innate instincts to guide development. Sociological concepts in this field include, ferals and isolates, marasmus, Looking Glass Self, Game and Play Stages as well as the dramaturgical approach. These theories have contributed to the foundations of socialization. George Herbert Mead developed the â€Å"Game and Play Stages† theory, according to Mead, children pass through three stages while developing a sense of selfhood. The threeRead MoreThe Presentation Of The Self By Irving Goffman1305 Words   |  6 Pagespeople play roles, working together to up hold various social realities and functional institutions such as work, school, home, medical, legal or leisure. Key components of this theory are ‘front and back’ and ‘impression management’, which enable analysis of how identities are presented and understood through symbols, and the differing ways people behave when they are in and out of role: enabling preparation and reflection, and ability to switch between roles. ‘Front region/back region’ Social playersRead MoreThe Presentation Of Self On Everyday Life ( Goffman, 1959 )847 Words   |  4 Pagesis a work analysing our daily life from the perspective that our actions and interactions with others, their rationale and meaning, are social in nature. Goffman applies metaphor to his theory of the presentation of the self by pursuing a dramaturgical analysis (p. 15) with the intent to describe how individuals construct and maintain performance in society, and how aspects of social and cultural expectation, define that behaviour. Social mores indicate we should behave differently under differentRead MoreInteraction Ritual by Erving Goffman1369 Words   |  6 Pagesbehaviour. They are often referred to as modern classics. The essay on face-work can be considered as an expansion of Goffman’s previous works on interaction and included in this series. Summary Goffman refers to his essay on face-work as ‘An Analysis of Ritual Elements in Social Interaction’ (Goffman, p.5). He essentially sets out to prove to the reader that social interaction is a ritual game that we act out and play by the rules. The author provides us with some new vocabulary including termsRead MoreThe Sociological Perspective Of Dramaturgy Is Associated With Irving Goffman1041 Words   |  5 Pagesof dramaturgy is in explaining socialization, and role learning through active participation in society. Goffman proposed the dramaturgical perspective as a fifth paradigm for understanding and analysing society and social reality, the existing four being technical, political, structural and cultural (1959:233). Thus, dramaturgy is an effective and flexible method of analysis for qualitative, ethnographic based research. As a model for studying everyday life, dramaturgy reveals how identity is constructed

The Petersons Home ICT Devices Free Essays

The Petersons have a limited amount of equipment in their homes and all the items are unsuitable for the family. Here is a conclusion as to why the devices are unsuitable, and how the situation could be improved. The family is equipt with a Pentium II computer with a 32mb of ram, a 2Gb hard drive and a 2mb graphics card. We will write a custom essay sample on The Petersons Home ICT Devices or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is very unsuitable for this busy family as the computer would be extremely slow and has very little space to install new programs and save the documents the family would need. This is a very old type of computer, and would not be able to run some of the latest software. A faster, and more update computer, such as a Pentium 4 Processor would be much more appropriate for this family. With the computer is a 14-inch monitor capable of 640 x 480 screen resolutions, which is also inappropriate for the likes of this family. A 14-inch screen is very small and most of the more dated computer monitors are less able to adjust. With a low and small screen could cause health problems for the family, such as neck and back pains. The low screen resolutions would be a problem when trying to run newer software, which needs a higher resolution. A more suitable choice would be a larger, and higher resolution screen, and possibly flat screen too. The computer has a black and white dot matrix printer, which is very unsuitable for members of the family who wish to print documents in colour. Dot matrix printers produce a low quality print too, the document may seem unclear and patchy compared to a laser colour printer, which would be more advisable for the families needs. The computer only has a 28k modem that is not capable of sending faxes. The most obvious disadvantage to this is that the family cannot send faxes form the home office. However, with a 28k modem, the computer would also have ridiculously slow Internet connection. Most computers on sale at the moment have a modem included in the package, however they can be bought. The standard modem is 56k, which would provide fast access to the Internet. Windows 95, and Office 95 are both very dated versions and desperately need to be updated. The setup would be slow and unable to cope with large quantities of data and the users would be restricted on what software they could use. Office 95 would have a very limited amount of programs available, and would not satisfy all the day-to-day needs of a family. Most new computers come with Windows XP, which would mean a fast setup and more programs available for the family to use. The family only have floppy disks as a backup for the computer, which is an unwise choice. If the computer fails, and the disks cannot be located or the disk does not work, it is sure that the data will be lost. However, a larger problem would be fitting large files onto a floppy disk, which has on a 1.4k capacity, which would not be enough for the likes of graphics files, or picture files that are very large. Also, if there is a large amount of data to be stored, one would have to use many disks to store all the information, this may make the data hard to locate. A more ideal solution would be to store the information on re-writable disks, which store a large amount of data. However, this would also mean the family would need to invest in a CD-ROM drive, which now comes free in addition with all computers sold. With no gaming equipment the family would be unable to play games to their full satisfaction, or in some cases, the game may not run at all. This would mean that the computer could not be used as a gaming machine. There is a lot of gaming equipment available at the moment, but the most popular is a Joystick, which is useful for the majority of games. Many games and programs that are on the market have sound features for added effect. Of course with no speakers attached to the computer, no sound can be heard. This is a problem for interactive programs, where instructions are given verbally. Also, watching DVD’s, or listening to music form CD’s or MP3’s is impossible. With no speakers, you also cannot use recording equipment such as microphones, as there will be no feedback. All modern computers now come with a speaker sound system, sometimes including sub-woofer, but they can also be sold separately. The family have access to a standard TV with no digital capacity and an analogue satellite receiver. This means that the family can only pick up some satellite and analogue stations that are broadcasted. The digital channels would not be available on the television or via the satellite, as they have no digital capacity. The family could invest in a digital decoder or a new television with digital capacity. If the family bought a digital decoder, then they would not be able to interact with some of the features available on the channels, however with a new television, or a digital channel receiver, the family would be able to interact. There is an old hifi which has no CD player, or mini disc player, which is not suitable for this family. Most music on sale at the moment is sold on CD; therefore it may be hard to get hold of music on cassette or record. Cassettes and records produce a low quality of sound, and are not as reliable as a CD. More and more records are now becoming available on mini discs, which are compact, and can store a lot of music, and record music easily, also providing quality sound. All good stereo systems come complete with a CD player, and some with minidisk players, along with tape players and radios. How to cite The Petersons Home ICT Devices, Papers

Campaign Finance Essay Example For Students

Campaign Finance Essay What We Dont Know About Campaign Finance Does Hurt Us. No matter what your social issue, if you want to solve it get the money out of politics. Only then will lawmakers vote for their people rather than their pocketbooks. Jack E. Lohman.Money corrupts politics, and when contributions are being made to candidates it is not in the best interest of the American people. Campaign Finance is out of control in todays political races. Candidates are taking money from wherever and whoever they can get it. Soft money is flowing through elections without care or caution. People who make these contributions do not share the views of the average citizen, so politicians end up representing the wrong people. Money decides races, sometimes leaving the better man but lighter spender out of a position. Candidates make decisions based on what will help them financially that what is better for the people. Contributions by industry are made not in the interest of the people, sometimes hurting them in ways they dont even know. No matter what the opposition ma y say campaign finance reform is needed urgently to keep our democracy as our founders intended it. People and corporations that make the largest donations to campaigns do not share views with the general population. Politicians will listen to those who give them money so that they can depend on that money being there again when it is time for reelection.Yet individual donors making a $200 dollar or more contribution make up only .33% of the population. This extremely small percentage of mostly wealthy individuals gain the power to influence politicians to their liking. The idea that these people should have power to affect government more than those with less money goes against the concept of equality for all, which is what made this country great. People who make large donations do not share the same views on most issues as the general population. Robert L. Borosage and Ruy Teixeira report that while 53 percent of voters want stricter regulations on businesses and corporations, to give workers a fair salary and working conditions, 58 percent of campaign donors want to see less co ntrol over the businesses and corporations of America. Donors also want less government spending with lower taxes, while the majority of citizens want a larger, more powerful government. A very tiny part of our population is giving money to campaigns telling candidates what they have to do to continue getting campaign contributions, yet these people do not represent the ideology and sentiment of the people as a whole. There must be a change in the way that campaigns are financed if democracy is to survive. If we do not reform campaign finance we will have politicians working only for those who can afford to contribute. Money is the major factor in any political race. It can sway a decision very strongly depending on how well it is used. In the House, the candidate who spends the most money on his or her campaign wins 92% of the time. Things are no different in the Senate, here 88% of the time the bigger spender wins. Incumbents are usually the tip money spender, because they raise more money. Paul Starr, writer for The American Prospect , estimates that it would take $1,000,000 for a challenger to defeat the incumbent. The only way a challenger could get this kind of money would be to appeal to big business and the wealthy, who have radically different ideas about government than the general public. A challenger, to even have a chance, would have to turn to business and wealth to win. With this great difficulty to de-seat an incumbent, turnover in congress drops, and members become stagnant, winning on name alone. All the while, they are giving breaks to the corporations and wealthy people who got them there. With campaigns finance reform, we could get challengers and incumbents on a level playing field so that the candidate with the better ideas who will honestly help the majority will end up the victor. Women Rights | | EssayOpponents of Campaign finance reform have many reasons that they feel reform is bad. But most of these arguments boil down to; contributions are an expression of freedom of speech, and reform would not help as illegal contributions take place now and would only be increased with more laws. The voices of those who fund advertisements that do not go on campaign reports are those of a small minority. These voices are being heard above all the voices of the greater majority of people who cannot afford to have their voices heard. Letting one persons opinion be louder than another goes against the ideas of equality for all, infringing upon the rights of others. If reform is to take place we must enforce the laws that we set in place. Laws that are not enforced are worthless. We must be ready to punish a candidate and make him or her face the consequences, whether it be elimination from the race or removal from office. Reform is needed to fix our crooked and corrupt congress, and we must be willing to punish those who break the law. One option that we should consider is that of Jack E. Lohman, a business man from Milwaukee, WI. Under his plan special interest and corporate donations would be eliminated. Instead, taxpayers would fund political campaigns. Special interests and corporations spend 750 million on campaigns. As it was explained, this hurts taxpayers when purchasing goods and when paying taxes for corporate welfare. By eliminating these donors politicians would not be affected by outside interests and would be free to do what is best for the people. The 750 million dollars for campaigns would come from the taxpayers and only cost $5 dollars a year. After cuts from corporate welfare and wasteful government spending this would save taxpayers 495 to 995 dollars a year, not to mention price drops as a result of reduced corporate spending on political campaigns. This would put more money in the hands of the taxpayer to buy more products helping the economy. Most important, politicians would not be swayed by monetary interest offered to them for help in other areas. Donors not representing the public, money, not people and issues deciding races, politicians voting for campaign funds instead of the public, corporations risking the safety of people, these are all problems that could be fixed by reforming campaign finance. Campaign finance is an urgent problem that must be remedied soon or we will be facing a situation in government where the power lies in the hand of those who have money to donate to campaigns. If something is not done we will be heading straight into a corrupt and contemptible government whose only care is that of being reelected. Action must be taken now before it is too late and scandalous congressmen will only support scandalous policy. If our government is to be saved, we must have campaign finance reform. Bibliography: